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HackTricks - Boitatech
  • HackTricks
  • About the author
  • Getting Started in Hacking
  • Pentesting Methodology
  • External Recon Methodology
    • Github Leaked Secrets
  • Phishing Methodology
    • Clone a Website
    • Detecting Phising
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  • Exfiltration
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  • Brute Force - CheatSheet
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  • Shells
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      • MSFVenom - CheatSheet
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  • Linux/Unix
    • Checklist - Linux Privilege Escalation
    • Linux Privilege Escalation
      • PAM - Pluggable Authentication Modules
      • SELinux
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      • Docker Breakout
      • electron/CEF/chromium debugger abuse
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      • Cisco - vmanage
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      • Interesting Groups - Linux PE
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      • ld.so exploit example
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  • MacOS
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      • Mac OS Architecture
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        • Enrolling Devices in Other Organisations
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      • MacOS Apps - Inspecting, debugging and Fuzzing
  • Windows
    • Checklist - Local Windows Privilege Escalation
    • Windows Local Privilege Escalation
      • AppendData/AddSubdirectory permission over service registry
      • Create MSI with WIX
      • DPAPI - Extracting Passwords
      • SeImpersonate from High To System
      • Access Tokens
      • ACLs - DACLs/SACLs/ACEs
      • Dll Hijacking
      • From High Integrity to SYSTEM with Name Pipes
      • Integrity Levels
      • JAWS
      • JuicyPotato
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      • MSI Wrapper
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      • PowerUp
      • Privilege Escalation Abusing Tokens
      • Privilege Escalation with Autoruns
      • RottenPotato
      • Seatbelt
      • SeDebug + SeImpersonate copy token
      • Windows C Payloads
    • Active Directory Methodology
      • Abusing Active Directory ACLs/ACEs
      • AD information in printers
      • ASREPRoast
      • BloodHound
      • Constrained Delegation
      • Custom SSP
      • DCShadow
      • DCSync
      • DSRM Credentials
      • Golden Ticket
      • Kerberos Authentication
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      • MSSQL Trusted Links
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      • Pass the Ticket
      • Password Spraying
      • Force NTLM Privileged Authentication
      • Privileged Accounts and Token Privileges
      • Resource-based Constrained Delegation
      • Security Descriptors
      • Silver Ticket
      • Skeleton Key
      • Unconstrained Delegation
    • NTLM
      • Places to steal NTLM creds
      • PsExec/Winexec/ScExec
      • SmbExec/ScExec
      • WmicExec
      • AtExec / SchtasksExec
      • WinRM
    • Stealing Credentials
      • Credentials Protections
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    • Authentication, Credentials, UAC and EFS
    • Basic CMD for Pentesters
    • Basic PowerShell for Pentesters
      • PowerView
    • AV Bypass
  • Mobile Apps Pentesting
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    • Android Applications Pentesting
      • Android Applications Basics
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      • AVD - Android Virtual Device
      • Burp Suite Configuration for Android
      • content:// protocol
      • Drozer Tutorial
        • Exploiting Content Providers
      • Exploiting a debuggeable applciation
      • Frida Tutorial
        • Frida Tutorial 1
        • Frida Tutorial 2
        • Frida Tutorial 3
        • Objection Tutorial
      • Google CTF 2018 - Shall We Play a Game?
      • Inspeckage Tutorial
      • Intent Injection
      • Make APK Accept CA Certificate
      • Manual DeObfuscation
      • React Native Application
      • Reversing Native Libraries
      • Smali - Decompiling/[Modifying]/Compiling
      • Spoofing your location in Play Store
      • Webview Attacks
    • iOS Pentesting Checklist
    • iOS Pentesting
      • Basic iOS Testing Operations
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      • Extracting Entitlements From Compiled Application
      • Frida Configuration in iOS
      • iOS App Extensions
      • iOS Basics
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      • iOS Hooking With Objection
      • iOS Protocol Handlers
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  • Pentesting
    • Pentesting Network
      • Spoofing LLMNR, NBT-NS, mDNS/DNS and WPAD and Relay Attacks
      • Spoofing SSDP and UPnP Devices with EvilSSDP
      • Wifi Attacks
        • Evil Twin EAP-TLS
      • Pentesting IPv6
      • Nmap Summary (ESP)
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    • Pentesting JDWP - Java Debug Wire Protocol
    • Pentesting Printers
      • Accounting bypass
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      • Cross-Site Printing
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      • Factory Defaults
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    • Pentesting SAP
    • Pentesting Kubernetes
      • Enumeration from a Pod
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      • Pentesting Kubernetes from the outside
    • 7/tcp/udp - Pentesting Echo
    • 21 - Pentesting FTP
      • FTP Bounce attack - Scan
      • FTP Bounce - Download 2ºFTP file
    • 22 - Pentesting SSH/SFTP
    • 23 - Pentesting Telnet
    • 25,465,587 - Pentesting SMTP/s
      • SMTP - Commands
    • 43 - Pentesting WHOIS
    • 53 - Pentesting DNS
    • 69/UDP TFTP/Bittorrent-tracker
    • 79 - Pentesting Finger
    • 80,443 - Pentesting Web Methodology
      • 403 & 401 Bypasses
      • AEM - Adobe Experience Cloud
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      • Artifactory Hacking guide
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      • IIS - Internet Information Services
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      • Laravel
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      • Nginx
      • PHP Tricks (SPA)
        • PHP - Useful Functions & disable_functions/open_basedir bypass
          • disable_functions bypass - php-fpm/FastCGI
          • disable_functions bypass - dl function
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP 7.0-7.4 (*nix only)
          • disable_functions bypass - Imagick <= 3.3.0 PHP >= 5.4 Exploit
          • disable_functions - PHP 5.x Shellshock Exploit
          • disable_functions - PHP 5.2.4 ionCube extension Exploit
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP <= 5.2.9 on windows
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP 5.2.4 and 5.2.5 PHP cURL
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP safe_mode bypass via proc_open() and custom environment Exploit
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP Perl Extension Safe_mode Bypass Exploit
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP 5.2.3 - Win32std ext Protections Bypass
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP 5.2 - FOpen Exploit
          • disable_functions bypass - via mem
          • disable_functions bypass - mod_cgi
          • disable_functions bypass - PHP 4 >= 4.2.0, PHP 5 pcntl_exec
      • Python
      • Special HTTP headers
      • Spring Actuators
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      • Tomcat
      • Uncovering CloudFlare
      • VMWare (ESX, VCenter...)
      • Web API Pentesting
      • WebDav
      • werkzeug
      • Wordpress
      • XSS to RCE Electron Desktop Apps
    • 88tcp/udp - Pentesting Kerberos
      • Harvesting tickets from Windows
      • Harvesting tickets from Linux
    • 110,995 - Pentesting POP
    • 111/TCP/UDP - Pentesting Portmapper
    • 113 - Pentesting Ident
    • 123/udp - Pentesting NTP
    • 135, 593 - Pentesting MSRPC
    • 137,138,139 - Pentesting NetBios
    • 139,445 - Pentesting SMB
    • 143,993 - Pentesting IMAP
    • 161,162,10161,10162/udp - Pentesting SNMP
      • SNMP RCE
    • 194,6667,6660-7000 - Pentesting IRC
    • 264 - Pentesting Check Point FireWall-1
    • 389, 636, 3268, 3269 - Pentesting LDAP
    • 500/udp - Pentesting IPsec/IKE VPN
    • 502 - Pentesting Modbus
    • 512 - Pentesting Rexec
    • 513 - Pentesting Rlogin
    • 514 - Pentesting Rsh
    • 515 - Pentesting Line Printer Daemon (LPD)
    • 548 - Pentesting Apple Filing Protocol (AFP)
    • 554,8554 - Pentesting RTSP
    • 623/UDP/TCP - IPMI
    • 631 - Internet Printing Protocol(IPP)
    • 873 - Pentesting Rsync
    • 1026 - Pentesting Rusersd
    • 1080 - Pentesting Socks
    • 1098/1099/1050 - Pentesting Java RMI - RMI-IIOP
    • 1433 - Pentesting MSSQL - Microsoft SQL Server
    • 1521,1522-1529 - Pentesting Oracle TNS Listener
      • Oracle Pentesting requirements installation
      • TNS Poison
      • Remote stealth pass brute force
      • Oracle RCE & more
    • 1723 - Pentesting PPTP
    • 1883 - Pentesting MQTT (Mosquitto)
    • 2049 - Pentesting NFS Service
    • 2301,2381 - Pentesting Compaq/HP Insight Manager
    • 2375, 2376 Pentesting Docker
    • 3128 - Pentesting Squid
    • 3260 - Pentesting ISCSI
    • 3299 - Pentesting SAPRouter
    • 3306 - Pentesting Mysql
    • 3389 - Pentesting RDP
    • 3632 - Pentesting distcc
    • 3690 - Pentesting Subversion (svn server)
    • 4369 - Pentesting Erlang Port Mapper Daemon (epmd)
    • 5000 - Pentesting Docker Registry
    • 5353/UDP Multicast DNS (mDNS)
    • 5432,5433 - Pentesting Postgresql
    • 5601 - Pentesting Kibana
    • 5671,5672 - Pentesting AMQP
    • 5800,5801,5900,5901 - Pentesting VNC
    • 5984,6984 - Pentesting CouchDB
    • 5985,5986 - Pentesting WinRM
    • 6000 - Pentesting X11
    • 6379 - Pentesting Redis
    • 8009 - Pentesting Apache JServ Protocol (AJP)
    • 8089 - Splunkd
    • 9000 - Pentesting FastCGI
    • 9001 - Pentesting HSQLDB
    • 9042/9160 - Pentesting Cassandra
    • 9100 - Pentesting Raw Printing (JetDirect, AppSocket, PDL-datastream)
    • 9200 - Pentesting Elasticsearch
    • 10000 - Pentesting Network Data Management Protocol (ndmp)
    • 11211 - Pentesting Memcache
    • 15672 - Pentesting RabbitMQ Management
    • 27017,27018 - Pentesting MongoDB
    • 44818/UDP/TCP - Pentesting EthernetIP
    • 47808/udp - Pentesting BACNet
    • 50030,50060,50070,50075,50090 - Pentesting Hadoop
  • Pentesting Web
    • Web Vulnerabilities Methodology
    • Reflecting Techniques - PoCs and Polygloths CheatSheet
      • Web Vulns List
    • 2FA/OTP Bypass
    • Abusing hop-by-hop headers
    • Bypass Payment Process
    • Captcha Bypass
    • Cache Poisoning and Cache Deception
    • Clickjacking
    • Client Side Template Injection (CSTI)
    • Command Injection
    • Content Security Policy (CSP) Bypass
    • Cookies Hacking
    • CORS - Misconfigurations & Bypass
    • CRLF (%0D%0A) Injection
    • Cross-site WebSocket hijacking (CSWSH)
    • CSRF (Cross Site Request Forgery)
    • Dangling Markup - HTML scriptless injection
    • Deserialization
      • NodeJS - __proto__ & prototype Pollution
      • Java JSF ViewState (.faces) Deserialization
      • Java DNS Deserialization, GadgetProbe and Java Deserialization Scanner
      • Basic Java Deserialization (ObjectInputStream, readObject)
      • CommonsCollection1 Payload - Java Transformers to Rutime exec() and Thread Sleep
      • Basic .Net deserialization (ObjectDataProvider gadget, ExpandedWrapper, and Json.Net)
      • Exploiting __VIEWSTATE knowing the secrets
      • Exploiting __VIEWSTATE without knowing the secrets
    • Domain/Subdomain takeover
    • Email Header Injection
    • File Inclusion/Path traversal
      • phar:// deserialization
    • File Upload
      • PDF Upload - XXE and CORS bypass
    • Formula Injection
    • HTTP Request Smuggling / HTTP Desync Attack
    • H2C Smuggling
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      • Login bypass List
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    • SAML Attacks
      • SAML Basics
    • Server Side Inclusion/Edge Side Inclusion Injection
    • SQL Injection
      • MSSQL Injection
      • Oracle injection
      • PostgreSQL injection
        • dblink/lo_import data exfiltration
        • PL/pgSQL Password Bruteforce
        • Network - Privesc, Port Scanner and NTLM chanllenge response disclosure
        • Big Binary Files Upload (PostgreSQL)
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      • MySQL injection
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      • SQLMap - Cheetsheat
        • Second Order Injection - SQLMap
    • SSRF (Server Side Request Forgery)
    • SSTI (Server Side Template Injection)
      • EL - Expression Language
    • Reverse Tab Nabbing
    • Unicode Normalization vulnerability
    • Web Tool - WFuzz
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    • XXE - XEE - XML External Entity
    • XSS (Cross Site Scripting)
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  • Forensics
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      • Specific Software/File-Type Tricks
        • .pyc
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        • Office file analysis
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        • Video and Audio file analysis
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        • Windows Processes
        • Interesting Windows Registry Keys
  • A.I. Exploiting
    • BRA.I.NSMASHER Presentation
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      • Hybrid Malware Classifier Part 1
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        • ROP - Leaking LIBC template
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  • BACKDOORS
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  • 6881/udp - Pentesting BitTorrent
  • CTF Write-ups
    • challenge-0521.intigriti.io
    • Try Hack Me
      • hc0n Christmas CTF - 2019
      • Pickle Rick
  • 1911 - Pentesting fox
  • Online Platforms with API
  • Stealing Sensitive Information Disclosure from a Web
  • Post Exploitation
Powered by GitBook
On this page
  • Basic information
  • What is an Elasticsearch index?
  • Manual Enumeration
  • Banner
  • Authentication
  • Basic User Enumeration
  • Elastic Info
  • Indices
  • Dump index
  • Dump all
  • Search
  • Write permissions
  • Automatic Enumeration
  • Shodan

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  1. Pentesting

9200 - Pentesting Elasticsearch

Previous9100 - Pentesting Raw Printing (JetDirect, AppSocket, PDL-datastream)Next10000 - Pentesting Network Data Management Protocol (ndmp)

Last updated 3 years ago

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Basic information

From the you can find some useful descriptions:

Elasticsearch is a distributed, open source search and analytics engine for all types of data, including textual, numerical, geospatial, structured, and unstructured. Elasticsearch is built on Apache Lucene and was first released in 2010 by Elasticsearch N.V. (now known as Elastic). Known for its simple REST APIs, distributed nature, speed, and scalability, Elasticsearch is the central component of the Elastic Stack, a set of open source tools for data ingestion, enrichment, storage, analysis, and visualization. Commonly referred to as the ELK Stack (after Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana), the Elastic Stack now includes a rich collection of lightweight shipping agents known as Beats for sending data to Elasticsearch.

What is an Elasticsearch index?

An Elasticsearch index is a collection of documents that are related to each other. Elasticsearch stores data as JSON documents. Each document correlates a set of keys (names of fields or properties) with their corresponding values (strings, numbers, Booleans, dates, arrays of values, geolocations, or other types of data).

Elasticsearch uses a data structure called an inverted index, which is designed to allow very fast full-text searches. An inverted index lists every unique word that appears in any document and identifies all of the documents each word occurs in.

During the indexing process, Elasticsearch stores documents and builds an inverted index to make the document data searchable in near real-time. Indexing is initiated with the index API, through which you can add or update a JSON document in a specific index.

Default port: 9200/tcp

Manual Enumeration

Banner

The protocol used to access Elasticsearch is HTTP. When you access it via HTTP you will find some interesting information: http://10.10.10.115:9200/

If you don't see that response accessing / see the following section.

Authentication

By default Elasticsearch doesn't have authentication enabled, so by default you can access everything inside the database without using any credentials.

You can verify that authentication is disabled with a request to:

curl -X GET "ELASTICSEARCH-SERVER:9200/_xpack/security/user"
{"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"exception","reason":"Security must be explicitly enabled when using a [basic] license. Enable security by setting [xpack.security.enabled] to [true] in the elasticsearch.yml file and restart the node."}],"type":"exception","reason":"Security must be explicitly enabled when using a [basic] license. Enable security by setting [xpack.security.enabled] to [true] in the elasticsearch.yml file and restart the node."},"status":500}

However, if you send a request to / and receives a response like the following one:

{"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"security_exception","reason":"missing authentication credentials for REST request [/]","header":{"WWW-Authenticate":"Basic realm=\"security\" charset=\"UTF-8\""}}],"type":"security_exception","reason":"missing authentication credentials for REST request [/]","header":{"WWW-Authenticate":"Basic realm=\"security\" charset=\"UTF-8\""}},"status":401}
curl -X GET http://user:password@IP:9200/

Basic User Enumeration

#List all roles on the system:
curl -X GET "ELASTICSEARCH-SERVER:9200/_security/role"

#List all users on the system:
curl -X GET "ELASTICSEARCH-SERVER:9200/_security/user"

#Get more information about the rights of an user:
curl -X GET "ELASTICSEARCH-SERVER:9200/_security/user/<USERNAME>"

Elastic Info

Here are some endpoints that you can access via GET to obtain some information about elasticsearch:

_cat

/_cluster

/_security

/_cat/segments

/_cluster/allocation/explain

/_security/user

/_cat/shards

/_cluster/settings

/_security/privilege

/_cat/repositories

/_cluster/health

/_security/role_mapping

/_cat/recovery

/_cluster/state

/_security/role

/_cat/plugins

/_cluster/stats

/_security/api_key

/_cat/pending_tasks

/_cluster/pending_tasks

/_cat/nodes

/_nodes

/_cat/tasks

/_nodes/usage

/_cat/templates

/_nodes/hot_threads

/_cat/thread_pool

/_nodes/stats

/_cat/ml/trained_models

/_tasks

/_cat/transforms/_all

/_remote/info

/_cat/aliases

/_cat/allocation

/_cat/ml/anomaly_detectors

/_cat/count

/_cat/ml/data_frame/analytics

/_cat/ml/datafeeds

/_cat/fielddata

/_cat/health

/_cat/indices

/_cat/master

/_cat/nodeattrs

/_cat/nodes

In /_security/user (if auth enabled) you can see which user has role superuser.

Indices

You can gather all the indices accessing http://10.10.10.115:9200/_cat/indices?v

health status index   uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green  open   .kibana 6tjAYZrgQ5CwwR0g6VOoRg   1   0          1            0        4kb            4kb
yellow open   quotes  ZG2D1IqkQNiNZmi2HRImnQ   5   1        253            0    262.7kb        262.7kb
yellow open   bank    eSVpNfCfREyYoVigNWcrMw   5   1       1000            0    483.2kb        483.2kb

To obtain information about which kind of data is saved inside an index you can access: http://host:9200/<index> from example in this case http://10.10.10.115:9200/bank

Dump index

If you want to dump all the contents of an index you can access: http://host:9200/<index>/_search?pretty=true like http://10.10.10.115:9200/bank/_search?pretty=true

Take a moment to compare the contents of the each document (entry) inside the bank index and the fields of this index that we saw in the previous section.

So, at this point you may notice that there is a field called "total" inside "hits" that indicates that 1000 documents were found inside this index but only 10 were retried. This is because by default there is a limit of 10 documents. But, now that you know that this index contains 1000 documents, you can dump all of them indicating the number of entries you want to dump in the size parameter: http://10.10.10.115:9200/quotes/_search?pretty=true&size=1000asd Note: If you indicate bigger number all the entries will be dumped anyway, for example you could indicate size=9999 and it will be weird if there were more entries (but you should check).

Dump all

In order to dump all you can just go to the same path as before but without indicating any indexhttp://host:9200/_search?pretty=true like http://10.10.10.115:9200/_search?pretty=true Remember that in this case the default limit of 10 results will be applied. You can use the size parameter to dump a bigger amount of results. Read the previous section for more information.

Search

If you are looking for some information you can do a raw search on all the indices going to http://host:9200/_search?pretty=true&q=<search_term> like in http://10.10.10.115:9200/_search?pretty=true&q=Rockwell

If you want just to search on an index you can just specify it on the path: http://host:9200/<index>/_search?pretty=true&q=<search_term>

Note that the q parameter used to search content supports regular expressions

Write permissions

You can check your write permissions trying to create a new document inside a new index running something like the following:

curl -X POST '10.10.10.115:9200/bookindex/books' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
 {
    "bookId" : "A00-3",
    "author" : "Sankaran",
    "publisher" : "Mcgrahill",
    "name" : "how to get a job"
 }'

That cmd will create a new index called bookindex with a document of type books that has the attributes "bookId", "author", "publisher" and "name"

Notice how the new index appears now in the list:

And note the automatically created properties:

Automatic Enumeration

Some tools will obtain some of the data presented before:

msf > use auxiliary/scanner/elasticsearch/indices_enum

Shodan

  • port:9200 elasticsearch

That will means that authentication is configured an you need valid credentials to obtain any info from elasticserach. Then, you can **(it uses HTTP basic auth, so anything that BF HTTP basic auth can be used). Here you have a list default usernames: _elastic (superuser), remote_monitoring_user, beats_system, logstash_system, kibana, kibana_system, apm_system, _anonymous._ Older versions of Elasticsearch have the default password changeme** for this user

These endpoints were where you can find more. Also, if you access /_cat the response will contain the /_cat/* endpoints supported by the instance.

You can also use something like to fuzz an elasticsearch service.

taken from the documentation
https://github.com/misalabs/horuz
main page
LogoGitHub - theMiddleBlue/nmap-elasticsearch-nse: Nmap NSE script for enumerate indices, plugins and cluster nodes on an elasticsearch targetGitHub
try to bruteforce it